U ovom preglednom radu istražuju se rani kulturni i književni temelji islamofobije u evropskoj tradiciji, s posebnim fokusom na Danteovo remek-djelo Božanstvena komedija. Analiziran je prikaz Poslanika Muhammeda, a.s., i Alije, r.a., u osmom krugu pakla, pri čemu se razmatraju istorijski, teološki i književni konteksti koji su oblikovali ovaj negativni narativ. Posebna pažnja posvećena je utjecaju srednjovjekovne kršćanske misli, osobito djelima Ivana Damašćanskog, kao i mogućoj povezanosti Danteovog djela s islamskom eshatološkom literaturom, prije svega s Kitāb al-Miʿrāğ. Rad razmatra složen odnos između stvarnog znanja o islamu i kulturnih stereotipa koji su se oblikovali u evropskoj imaginaciji toga doba. Cilj rada je ukazati na načine kako je islam prikazivan u kanonskoj evropskoj književnosti te analizirati dubinske uzroke i posljedice tih prikaza u širem okviru kulturne historije Evrope.

Touching on certain aspects and elements that make up civilisation and using relevant sources, the paper indicates that tasawwuf left a great impression on Islamic civilisation, and that it is an inevitable element among those elements that have shaped Islamic civilisation for centuries and contributed to it as we know it today. Economy, politics, sciense and art, which are reffered as the material elements that make up civilizations, derive their values from the religion on which it is based as well as its spiritual and moral values. Tasawwuf, as a school of spirituality and morality, had a positive impact on the shaping of Islamic civilisation. Futuwwat and akhiyya, or guilds, who were, inter-alia, the followers of Tesawwuf schools, tariqats, influenced the economy through their crafts and trade, which is not often highlighted. The Sufis, although this is also not discussed much in bosnian/croatian /serbian/montenegrian literature, well participated in wars and thus took part in social and political life. Additionaly, they have contributed, with their nice behavior, to many peoples accepting Islam, as is the case with the peoples of the Malay Archipelago, Central Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. If we go back to the 18th and 19th centuries, the period in which the foundations for renewal and reform were laid, we will observe many movements for the renewal and liberation of Muslim countries from colonialist forces were actually movements founded by Sufis. The contribution of Tasawwuf to Islamic civilisation is significant and worthy of scientific attention.

The subject of this research paper is textual cohesion as one of the characteristics of the textuality of the Qur'an. Bearing in mind that al-tamāsuk (cohesion) as a term appears very early in Arabic linguistic thought the aim of the paper is to offer a theoretical overview of text cohesion in Arabic linguistics. Additionally, following the guidelines of text linguistics, the paper aims to analyse the linguistic devices used to achieve cohesiveness in the text of Surah Nūḥ. The work uses an analytical-descriptive method based on the analysis of lexical, phonetic, morphological and syntactic elements that participate in the realization of cohesionin the text of Surah Nūḥ. The research results show that the cohesiveness of the Qur'anic text is realized by grammatical, lexical and phonetic cohesive devices among which are: reference, ellipsis, conjunction, repetition, collocations, rhyming prose, paronomasia. The frequent presence of cohesive devices in the text of Surah Nūḥas a form of sacred text and its dialogic character of narration is closely related to different literary types of Arabic literature.