HISTORIC STUDY OF THE ORIGIN OF SECTS AND SCHISM IN ISLAM

Abstract

After the Prophets death, Muslims kept their community compact until the period of Ebu Bekr and Omer. After the assassination of khalif Osman, confrontations and bloodsheds started among Muslims. The unhappy events undermined the strong khalif authority and Islam and Muslims faced a serious situation and temptation. Different opinions about the issue of khalifat originated in that period. Each of the opposing sides presented their arguments, some of them even used false traditions and interpretations. The result of those events was the beginning of sects and schisms among Muslims. Haridžijs and Shiites were the first sects to emerge, and after them kaderije and murdžije which were the source of all other sects and schisms. All the sects were determined by outer and inner factors that sometimes had only religious character, and at some other times politically-economical and even philosophical character. Key words: sects/schisms, haridžije, Shiites, kaderije, murdžije and mu’atezile

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